Legionnaires’ Disease

Legionnaires’ disease is a serious, life-threatening type of pneumonia caused by breathing in mist or getting water that has been contaminated with Legionella bacteria in the lungs. 

You can also get Legionnaires’ disease from: 

  • Hot tubs 
  • Shower heads 
  • Faucets 
  • Humidifiers 
  • Decorative water features 
  • Heating and cooling systems, usually only in large buildings 
  • Intubation during surgery 
  • Dirt 

Legionnaires’ disease is not contagious. Most people don’t get Legionnaires’ disease, even if they have been around Legionella bacteria. But some people are more likely to get sick with Legionella infection than others. You can have an increased risk of getting Legionnaires’ disease if you: 

  • Are older than 50 years old 
  • Smoke or used to smoke cigarettes 
  • Have a weakened immune system caused by certain medical conditions, such as HIV, diabetes, cancer, and kidney or liver disease, and medications that can compromise your immune system 
  • Have a long-term respiratory illness, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or emphysema 
  • Live in a long-term care facility 
  • Have stayed in a hospital recently 
  • Have had surgery requiring anesthesia recently 
  • Have received an organ transplant recently 

Legionnaires’ disease causes pneumonia-like symptoms that start two to 14 days after exposure to Legionella. It can also cause neurological and gastrointestinal symptoms. 

Symptoms of Legionnaires’ disease include: 

  • Fever (often over 104⁰F/40⁰C) 
  • A dry cough 
  • Shortness of breath 
  • Diarrhea 
  • Muscle aches 
  • Headache 
  • Nausea 
  • Confusion 
  • Coughing up blood 
  • Abdominal pain 

The most common way to diagnose Legionnaires’ disease is with urine and sputum tests. A healthcare provider may use imaging tests, such as an X-ray or CT scan, to get pictures of the inside of your chest. They will also take a physical exam and ask you about your health and travel history. 

Other tests used to diagnose Legionnaires’ disease can include: 

  • Blood tests 
  • Bronchoscopy 
  • Thoracentesis 

The treatment for Legionnaires’ disease is antibiotics, either intravenously or in pill form. If you are having trouble breathing, a healthcare provider may give you treatments to help you get enough oxygen. You will probably have to stay in the hospital while you are being treated. 

You can reduce your risk at home by making sure shower heads, faucets, hot tubs, and humidifiers are properly cleaned. 

If you are experiencing any symptoms of Legionnaires’ disease, you can schedule an appointment with a doctor at Jamaica Hospital Medical Center’s Ambulatory Care Center. Please call (718) 206-7001. 

 

All content of this newsletter is intended for general information purposes only and is not intended or implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Please consult a medical professional before adopting any of the suggestions on this page. You must never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking medical treatment based upon any content of this newsletter. PROMPTLY CONSULT YOUR PHYSICIAN OR CALL 911 IF YOU BELIEVE YOU HAVE A MEDICAL EMERGENCY.

Common Vaccines That Can Prevent Chronic Diseases or Some Cancers

Vaccines don’t just protect you from specific infectious diseases or help reduce the severity of symptoms if you get sick. They also play a significant role in preventing you from developing common chronic diseases, including certain cancers. 

What’s more, there is an increasing amount of research that has shown that vaccines can reduce the risk of developing dementia and heart conditions. 

Here are some common vaccines that can prevent chronic diseases and some cancers: 

HPV Vaccine 

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a common infection spread by skin-to-skin contact, often through sex, and is responsible for most cervical cancers. It can also cause a large number of lower genital cancers and certain head and neck cancers. 

Studies have shown that rates of HPV infection, early signs of precancer, and cervical cancer have fallen since the HPV vaccine was introduced. A 2024 study of an estimated 3.5 million participants found fewer cases of HPV-related cancers in people who were vaccinated. Another study found that cervical cancer deaths among women younger than 25 years old dropped more than 60 percent in recent years, with researchers suggesting that the significant decline was most likely the result of vaccinations.  

The HPV vaccine should be administered to all young people between the ages of nine and 26. It can be given to people up to the age of 45; however, the vaccine is less effective the older you are. Two doses of the vaccine are recommended for most people younger than 15 years old, and three shots for people between 15 and 26 years old and those who are immunocompromised. 

Shingles Vaccine 

Shingles is caused by the same virus that causes chicken pox. Unfortunately, the virus doesn’t leave your body after you have recovered from chicken pox and stays dormant in your nervous system, and for some people, it can reactivate and cause a painful rash. In the U.S., an estimated one million people get shingles each year, and for certain people, it can sometimes also cause lifelong chronic pain conditions or other serious complications, such as vision loss. 

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the shingles vaccine is 97 percent effective in preventing shingles in adults between 50 and 69 years old.  

Additionally, many large-scale studies have reported a connection between the shingles vaccine and reduced risk of dementia. There is also research that suggests the vaccine could reduce the risk of cardiovascular events such as stroke, heart failure, and coronary artery disease. The CDC recommends two doses of a shingles vaccine for adults 50 and older, or people 19 years or older with weakened immune symptoms. The chicken pox vaccine for children can help prevent shingles when they’re older. 

Hepatitis B Vaccine 

The hepatitis B virus is a leading risk factor for liver disease and cancer later in life. It can be contracted through sexual contact, needles, and childbirth, and can be passed from person to person through blood, semen, or other bodily fluids.  

Acute hepatitis B can be a short-term illness that happens within the first six months of exposure to the virus. It can cause people to have no symptoms or only mild sickness. However, the illness, which is a liver infection that can become a lifelong chronic condition if left untreated, could lead to cirrhosis and liver cancer. It is recommended that all infants receive the vaccine at birth, with the series of shots to be completed in the first 15 months of their life. 

Flu, Coronavirus, and RSV Vaccine 

Vaccines that help prevent infections from respiratory viruses are important because they protect us against serious disease, as well as flare-ups or worsening of existing chronic health conditions.  

A study done in 2020 found higher rates of severe flu infections among adults with certain chronic medical conditions, such as diabetes, kidney disease, congestive heart failure, coronary artery disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and asthma. Additionally, a study of 46 million adults observed that the incidence of heart attacks and strokes decreased after people received coronavirus vaccinations.  

The CDC recommends that everyone six months and older should get an annual flu shot.  

It is also important for those who have chronic conditions to get the coronavirus and RSV vaccines.  

RSV can be devastating for children and elderly people. Getting the RSV vaccine is recommended for babies, pregnant women to protect their babies, adults ages 50 to 74 with chronic health conditions, and all adults 75 and older. 

Bacterial Vaccines 

Bacterial infections such as meningitis and pneumonia can also lead to chronic disabilities or even death.  

The longer a person has a meningitis infection, the greater the risk of the infection causing serious complications such as hearing loss, vision troubles, memory issues, learning disabilities, brain damage, seizures, and kidney failure. 

Pneumonia can have long-term effects, such as depression, heart disease, and blood vessel diseases that worsen. According to the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, pneumonia could cause kidney, liver, and heart damage due to the organs not getting enough oxygen to function properly, or because of the immune system responding negatively to the infection.  

Both bacterial meningitis and pneumonia can lead to sepsis. If treated early, a person suffering from sepsis can recover completely; however, others might experience long-term effects, including insomnia, nightmares or hallucinations, panic attacks, joint and muscle pain, decreased cognitive function, and organ failure.  

The CDC recommends all preteens and teens, as well as children and adults who are at an increased risk, receive the meningococcal vaccine, as it protects against the disease that causes meningitis. Children five years and younger and adults 50 or older should receive the pneumococcal vaccine, which helps prevent pneumonia and other infections, including meningitis and sepsis.  

It is important to remember that getting vaccinated is the best way to protect against worsening or serious symptoms of illness and developing chronic diseases and cancers. 

To learn more about our infectious disease services or to make an appointment with our infectious disease physicians, please contact Jamaica Hospital Medical Center at 718-206-6000. 

All content of this newsletter is intended for general information purposes only and is not intended or implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Please consult a medical professional before adopting any of the suggestions on this page. You must never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking medical treatment based upon any content of this newsletter. PROMPTLY CONSULT YOUR PHYSICIAN OR CALL 911 IF YOU BELIEVE YOU HAVE A MEDICAL EMERGENCY.

Managing Diabetes In The Summer Heat

How Does Hot Weather Affect Diabetes?

Woman with a visible diabetic sensor on her arm poses for the camera while leaning on a bridge in a public park, enjoying a bright and sunny day.Extreme summer weather can negatively affect our health.  The combination of high temperatures and humidity can be dangerous, especially for those living with diabetes.

People with diabetes are at a higher risk of developing heat-related illnesses than others.  They are more vulnerable because high temperatures can change how the body uses insulin. High temperatures can cause blood vessels to dilate, accelerating insulin absorption and therefore leading to a drop in blood glucose.

Furthermore, high heat can lead to dehydration. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reports that people with diabetes get dehydrated more quickly than those who do not have the condition.  This risk is driven by the following factors:

  • Having high blood sugar levels leads to frequent urination, causing dehydration
  • Diabetes can affect the body’s cooling system (Diabetes may damage the nerves that control sweat glands and blood vessels, making it harder for the body to regulate temperature, increasing the likelihood of overheating and dehydration)
  • Many people with diabetes also take medications such as diuretics for high blood pressure; these medications increase fluid loss and the risk of dehydration.

Lastly, extreme heat can also damage diabetic medications, such as insulin, as well as medical devices, including insulin pumps and blood sugar monitors.

Safety tips for managing diabetes in the heat

Following these precautions can help protect your health this summer, so you can enjoy the weather:

  • Stay hydrated- drink plenty of water (even if you don’t feel thirsty) and avoid or limit sugary drinks, alcohol, and caffeinated beverages
  • Keep medications, supplies, and devices out of the heat and store them in a cool place
  • Check your blood glucose levels regularly
  • Avoid outdoor activities during peak heat hours
  • Dress for the weather by wearing clothing that keeps you cool
  • Wear sunscreen

Most importantly, pay attention to the signs of heat-related illnesses and diabetic complications. Look for symptoms such as hot, dry skin with no sweating, rapid breathing, dizziness, nausea, extreme thirst, blurred vision, and headaches.  If you notice any of these symptoms, take appropriate action, and when in doubt, seek immediate medical attention.

All content of this newsletter is intended for general information purposes only and is not intended or implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Please consult a medical professional before adopting any of the suggestions on this page. You must never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking medical treatment based upon any content of this newsletter. PROMPTLY CONSULT YOUR PHYSICIAN OR CALL 911 IF YOU BELIEVE YOU HAVE A MEDICAL EMERGENCY.

How to Improve Your Gut Health and Balance Your Gut Microbiome

There are trillions of beneficial bacteria living in your gut, or gut microbiome, that are essential to your health and well-being. The gut microbiome plays an important role in strengthening your immune system and regulating daily bodily functions, including hunger signals and mood fluctuations.  

The gut contains 95 percent of the feel-good hormone, serotonin, which means what you eat can impact your ability to respond to stress, reduce anxiety, and help the body fight off germs, viruses, and bacteria that could make you sick. 

When you have an unhealthy gut, it can cause several diseases and conditions, including: 

  • Inflammatory bowel disease 
  • Obesity 
  • Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth 
  • Insulin resistance and other endocrine disorders 
  • Mental health conditions and neurological disorders 
  • Asthma 
  • Various cancers 

There can be several signs of an unhealthy and imbalanced gut, including: 

  • Intolerance to certain foods 
  • A frequent upset stomach 
  • Intense cravings 
  • Skin irritations  
  • Autoimmune disorders 
  • Intense cravings 
  • Migraines and frequent headaches 
  • Difficulty sleeping or excessive fatigue 
  • Irritability or other mood changes 
  • Changes in bathroom habits 

The most direct and effective way to improve your gut health is through your diet by getting enough dietary fiber. Dietary fiber is the key nutrient for maintaining the diversity of gut microbiota. Having low gut microbiota diversity is associated with many chronic inflammatory diseases, such as: 

  • Obesity 
  • Diabetes 
  • Irritable bowel disease (IBD) 

Several foods are high in fiber, including: 

  • Fruits 
  • Vegetables 
  • Nuts 
  • Whole grains, such as: 
  • Barley 
  • Bran 
  • Quinoa 
  • Oatmeal  
  • Brown rice 
  • Seeds 
  • Legumes, including peas, beans, and lentils 

Other recommendations for improved gut health include: 

  • Increasing consumption of whole foods by adopting the Mediterranean diet 
  • Limiting processed foods 
  • Eating smaller meals 
  • Eating more slowly and chewing food thoroughly 
  • Managing stress 
  • Exercising more 
  • Setting a gut bedtime 

Gut health can also be improved by taking probiotics and prebiotics. 

Probiotics are “good” bacteria and other microorganisms that reside in the gut and are believed to support a healthy immune system and good digestion. Probiotics can be found in fermented foods, including: 

  • Yogurt 
  • Kefir 
  • Sauerkraut 
  • Kombucha 
  • Pickles that are salt-based 
  • Tempeh 
  • Kimchi  
  • Miso 

Prebiotics are dietary fibers that probiotics feed on. They can be found in several high-fiber foods, including: 

  • Leeks 
  • Asparagus 
  • Garlic 
  • Onions 
  • Bananas 
  • Chicory root 

The Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics recommends that women aim for 25 grams of fiber per day and men for 38 grams per day.  

If you would like to improve your gut health and balance your gut microbiome, you can consult a physician by visiting Flushing Hospital Medical Center’s Ambulatory Care Center. To schedule an appointment, please call (718) 670-5486.

All content of this newsletter is intended for general information purposes only and is not intended or implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Please consult a medical professional before adopting any of the suggestions on this page. You must never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking medical treatment based upon any content of this newsletter. PROMPTLY CONSULT YOUR PHYSICIAN OR CALL 911 IF YOU BELIEVE YOU HAVE A MEDICAL EMERGENCY.

Glucose Tolerance Test

Doctor holding sample blood collection tube with glucose test label in the lab.A glucose tolerance test is a medical lab test used to measure how effectively our bodies process sugar after a meal.  It helps healthcare providers screen for or diagnose conditions such as insulin resistance, prediabetes, type 2 diabetes, or gestational diabetes.

The most common and standard glucose tolerance test is an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). However, other screening methods can include a glucose challenge test, used during pregnancy to screen for gestational diabetes, or an intravenous glucose tolerance test, primarily used in research and rarely used as an alternative to OGTT when a patient is unable to process oral glucose.

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) explains that a typical oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) involves measuring your blood sugar levels before and after consuming a sweet liquid that contains glucose. You will need to fast overnight before the test, after which your blood will be drawn to measure your fasting blood sugar level. Then, you will drink the glucose solution, and your blood sugar levels will be checked again. These measurements typically occur at the 1-hour, 2-hour, and possibly 3-hour marks after drinking the solution.

After testing, you may resume your normal daily activities.  Your physician or healthcare provider should receive your lab results in the next few days.  Your test results may fall within the following ranges.

  • Normal – where blood sugar returns to an expected normal range after drinking the glucose solution
  • Prediabetes – where blood sugar is higher than normal but not high enough to determine a diabetes diagnosis
  • Diabetes -where blood sugar levels remain highly elevated

If your results show that you have diabetes, your doctor may determine  next steps based on how high your blood sugar levels are. They may want to test again to confirm their findings, request additional testing to check for related conditions, or create a treatment plan that may involve lifestyle changes or medications.

 

 

 

All content of this newsletter is intended for general information purposes only and is not intended or implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Please consult a medical professional before adopting any of the suggestions on this page. You must never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking medical treatment based upon any content of this newsletter. PROMPTLY CONSULT YOUR PHYSICIAN OR CALL 911 IF YOU BELIEVE YOU HAVE A MEDICAL EMERGENCY.

Men’s Health Month- Health Screenings for Men

June is Men’s Health Month. This observance aims to raise awareness about preventable health problems that affect men and boys.  

Statistics show men are less likely than women to seek medical attention when something affects their health. Men are also less likely to have preventative screenings and checkups with their healthcare providers. This is a problem as early detection of a medical condition is the best way to effectively treat and manage it. 

Additionally, avoiding or delaying checkups or screenings could result in a treatable condition becoming severe and/or fatal. 

The U.S. Preventative Services Task Force (USPSTF) publishes a list of recommended, age-specific screening guidelines for men to help them manage their health: 

Screenings guidelines recommended for men ages 18-39 include: 

  • Physical examinations 
  • Blood pressure screenings 
  • Cholesterol screenings 
  • Colon cancer screenings 
  • Dental examinations 
  • Prediabetes and type 2 diabetes screenings 
  • Eye examinations 
  • Immunizations  
  • Skin examinations 
  • Infectious disease screenings 

Screenings guidelines recommended for men ages 40-64 include: 

  • Physical examinations 
  • Blood pressure screenings 
  • Cholesterol screenings 
  • Colorectal cancer screenings 
  • Prostate cancer screenings 
  • Osteoporosis screening 
  • Lung cancer screening 
  • Infectious disease screening 
  • Immunizations 
  • Eye examinations 
  • Dental examinations 
  • Skin examinations 

It is important to visit your healthcare providers regularly, even if you are feeling healthy. These visits can help: 

  • Screen for any medical issues 
  • Encourage a healthy lifestyle 
  • Assess your risk for any future medical problems 
  • Update vaccinations and other preventative care services 
  • Help you get to know your healthcare provider in case of an illness 

If you are experiencing any medical problems or would like to receive health screenings, you can schedule an appointment at Jamaica Hospital Medical Center’s Ambulatory Care Center, by calling (718) 206-7001. 

All content of this newsletter is intended for general information purposes only and is not intended or implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Please consult a medical professional before adopting any of the suggestions on this page. You must never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking medical treatment based upon any content of this newsletter. PROMPTLY CONSULT YOUR PHYSICIAN OR CALL 911 IF YOU BELIEVE YOU HAVE A MEDICAL EMERGENCY.

Cataract Awareness Month

June is Cataract Awareness Month, a month that recognizes the importance of educating the public on an eye disease that is the leading cause of vision loss in the United States and the world’s leading cause of blindness.   

Most cataracts occur when aging or injury changes the tissue that makes up the eyes’ lens, and proteins and fibers in the lens begin to break down, causing it to become cloudy. Most cataracts develop slowly and don’t disturb eyesight early on, but with time, they will eventually affect a person’s vision.   

There are several symptoms of cataracts, including:  

  • Clouded, blurred, or dim vision  
  • Trouble seeing at night  
  • Sensitivity to bright light and glare  
  • The need for brighter light for reading and other activities  
  • Seeing “halos” or streaks that form around lights  
  • Frequent changes in eyeglass or contact lens prescription  
  • Fading or yellowing of colors  
  • Double vision in one eye  

There are many types of cataracts, including:  

  • Nuclear cataracts  
  • Cortical cataracts  
  • Posterior subcapsular cataracts  
  • Congenital cataracts  

Several factors can increase the risk of cataracts, including:  

  • Increasing age  
  • Diabetes  
  • Getting too much sunlight  
  • Smoking  
  • Obesity  
  • Family history of cataracts  
  • Previous eye injury or inflammation  
  • Prolonged use of corticosteroid medicines  
  • Drinking excessive amounts of alcohol  

Ophthalmologists and optometrists diagnose cataracts through a comprehensive eye exam. A healthcare provider will closely examine your eyes for signs of cataracts and assess their severity. They will also ask about your vision, medical history, and if you’re having trouble with everyday tasks because you can’t see as well as before. Tests used to diagnose cataracts include:  

  • Slit lamp exam  
  • Visual acuity test  

Cataract surgery is the only way to remove cataracts and restore clear vision. During this surgery, an ophthalmologist removes the clouded natural lens and replaces it with an intraocular lens (IOL). An IOL is an artificial lens that permanently stays in the eye.   

No studies have proven how to prevent or slow the growth of cataracts. However, healthcare professionals think several strategies may be helpful, including:  

  • Getting regular eye exams  
  • Quitting smoking  
  • Managing other health problems  
  • Choosing a healthy diet that includes plenty of fruits and vegetables  
  • Wearing sunglasses  
  • Reducing alcohol use  

If you’re experiencing cataract symptoms, you can schedule an appointment at Jamaica Hospital Medical Center’s Ophthalmology Center by calling (718) 206-5900.  

 

 

All content of this newsletter is intended for general information purposes only and is not intended or implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Please consult a medical professional before adopting any of the suggestions on this page. You must never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking medical treatment based upon any content of this newsletter. PROMPTLY CONSULT YOUR PHYSICIAN OR CALL 911 IF YOU BELIEVE YOU HAVE A MEDICAL EMERGENCY.

American Diabetes Alert Day

American Diabetes Alert Day is observed each year on the fourth Tuesday in March.  The observance was created by the American Diabetes Association to raise awareness of the seriousness of diabetes and highlight the importance of understanding your risk.

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), diabetes is the seventh leading cause of death in the United States. Furthermore, the CDC reports that, “More than 40 million Americans have diabetes, and more than 1 in 4 adults with diabetes don’t know they have it.”

Diabetes is a chronic disease that occurs when blood glucose (or blood sugar) levels are too high. This happens because the pancreas does not produce enough insulin to help regulate the amount of sugar that enters the body’s cells. As a result, excess sugar accumulates in the bloodstream.

If diabetes is not managed properly or is left untreated, it can lead to complications and increase the risk of serious health problems.  Diabetes complications include:

  • Damage to the nerves in the body
  • Kidney problems
  • Skin problems
  • Bladder problems
  • Eye diseases that can lead to blindness
  • Gum disease
  • Foot complications that can lead to limb loss
  • Cardiovascular disease, potentially increasing the risk of hypertension, heart attack, or stroke

Some people are more at risk of developing diabetes than others. You may have an increased risk if you:

  • Are overweight or obese
  • Are physically inactive
  • Have non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
  • Have a parent or sibling with diabetes
  • Have ever had gestational diabetes
  • Are age 45 and older
  • Are a Hispanic or Latino, African American, American Indian, or Alaska Native person. (The CDC states that some Pacific Islander and Asian American people also have a higher risk.)

Diabetes Alert Day serves as a “wake up call” to pay attention to these risk factors and properly manage your health.  If you are at risk of developing diabetes, you should speak with your doctor about ways to improve your health and lower the chances of complications occurring.  To schedule an appointment with a doctor at Jamaica Hospital Medical Center, please call 718-206-7001.

All content of this newsletter is intended for general information purposes only and is not intended or implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Please consult a medical professional before adopting any of the suggestions on this page. You must never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking medical treatment based upon any content of this newsletter. PROMPTLY CONSULT YOUR PHYSICIAN OR CALL 911 IF YOU BELIEVE YOU HAVE A MEDICAL EMERGENCY.

Can You Reverse Type 2 Diabetes?

Type 2 diabetes has long been identified as an incurable chronic disease based on traditional means of treatment. However, losing weight and making other lifestyle changes may help manage diabetes and prevent long-term health complications.

Having excess weight or obesity is the leading risk factor for Type 2 diabetes. Almost 90% of the 37 million Americans with Type 2 diabetes are classified as having excess weight or obesity. If you have excess weight, your risk of developing Type 2 diabetes is about 2.4 times higher than those at a healthy weight. For those with obesity, the risk is about six times higher.

Obesity significantly increases the risk of developing serious health conditions, including Type 2 diabetes. This type of diabetes is directly linked to excess body weight and lack of physical activity. Nearly half of new diabetes cases in the United States each year are caused by obesity.

Type 2 diabetes is characterized by high blood sugar or glucose levels. It occurs when the body’s ability to produce or respond to insulin is impaired. The pancreas releases insulin after we eat, as it is a hormone that helps the body’s cells use glucose for energy. With Type 2 diabetes, the cells don’t use insulin effectively. This is known as insulin resistance.

There is research that shows that extra fat around the liver and visceral fat, the fat that surrounds the internal organs, plays a role in blocking insulin, which prevents glucose from entering the cells. The higher a person’s body fat percentage, the harder it is for their cells to respond properly to insulin.

While carrying extra weight anywhere in the body can increase the risk of developing Type 2 diabetes, there is evidence that suggests that people who carry excess belly fat are at a greater risk of the disease.

Studies have shown that substantial weight loss through healthy lifestyle habits, medication, or surgery can prevent Type 2 diabetes.

Weight loss is proven to help prevent Type 2 diabetes. Research shows that losing even as little as 3% to 5% of your body weight through healthy lifestyle changes can help control diabetes. Losing extra weight can help control blood sugar levels, boost energy levels, and improve overall health and well-being.

Some strategies for weight loss include:

  • Setting a weight loss goal
  • Eating smaller portions
  • Focusing on nutrient-dense foods
  • Increasing water intake
  • Exercising regularly

One study found that people who have obesity and Type 2 diabetes and followed a six-month diet plan lost an average of 30 pounds, and nearly half achieved remission of diabetes. This means that they have sustained their blood glucose levels within a normal range for three months or more without taking diabetes medication.

Remission is most likely to occur in the early stages of type 2 diabetes. Studies show that losing just 10% to 15% of body weight within two years of diagnosis is enough to achieve remission. In later stages of diabetes, the body may lose its ability to make insulin, making remission less likely. However, some people with advanced type 2 diabetes may achieve remission by losing 20% to 25% of their body weight.

There are many medications that can help with weight loss. Liraglutide and semaglutide are two injectable diabetes medications that are approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to treat obesity. These GLP-1 receptor antagonists are a class of medications that mainly manage blood sugar levels in people with Type 2 diabetes. They not only improve blood sugar control, but they can also promote weight loss by reducing appetite and slowing stomach emptying. Another injectable option is tirzepatide, a GLP-1 and GIP agonist that also lowers weight and improves blood sugar.

Bariatric, or weight loss surgery, can also treat obesity and promote weight loss. This procedure is designed to reduce food intake and decrease hunger to help people achieve and maintain a healthy weight.

The American Diabetes Association (ADA) recommends bariatric surgery as a treatment option for people with diabetes who have a body mass index (BMI) of 35 kg/m2 or greater. Various bariatric surgeries can be performed. They include:

  • Gastric sleeve
  • Gastric bypass
  • Adjustable gastric band

A research review found that bariatric surgery can effectively help manage Type 2 diabetes in up to 80% of people, and quickly. For some people, blood sugar levels may return to healthy levels within days or weeks after the procedure.

For more information about Jamaica Hospital’s endocrinology service, or to make an appointment, please call 718-206-7001.

All content of this newsletter is intended for general information purposes only and is not intended or implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Please consult a medical professional before adopting any of the suggestions on this page. You must never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking medical treatment based upon any content of this newsletter. PROMPTLY CONSULT YOUR PHYSICIAN OR CALL 911 IF YOU BELIEVE YOU HAVE A MEDICAL EMERGENCY.

How Stress Affects Diabetes #StressAwarenessMonth

When we are under stress, the body releases hormones that increase blood glucose levels. This can cause adverse symptoms in people with diabetes.

If you experience stress or feel threatened, your body reacts with the fight-or-flight response. During this response, the body releases adrenaline and cortisol into the bloodstream increasing respiratory rates. This can also increase blood glucose levels if the body can’t adequately process it.

Stress affects people differently. The type of stress that people experience can impact their body’s physical response.

When people with type 2 diabetes are under mental stress, they can experience an increase in their blood glucose levels. People who have type 1 diabetes may have a more varied response as they experience either an increase or decrease in their blood glucose levels.

Mental symptoms of stress include:

  • Feeling unmotivated
  • Feeling irritable
  • Feeling depressed
  • Feeling restless
  • Feeling anxious

When you are under physical stress, your blood sugar can also increase. This can happen due to sickness or injury. This affects people with type 1 and type 2 diabetes.

Physical symptoms of stress include:

  • Headaches
  • Muscle pain or tension
  • Sleeping too much or too little
  • General feelings of illness
  • Fatigue

There are several ways to manage the effects of different forms of stress which could help lessen or limit the stressors in your life, including:

  • Exercising regularly
  • Practicing relaxing activities such as yoga or tai chi
  • Practicing mindfulness techniques such as meditation
  • Avoiding known stressors, such as high-stress social situations
  • Reducing caffeine intake
  • Spending time with loved ones

If you are feeling stressed, you can also connect with people online or in your community for solidarity and support by:

  • Joining an online support group
  • Joining an in-person support group
  • Seeking therapy

If mental or physical stress symptoms are affecting your diabetes, you can schedule an appointment with an endocrinologist, please call Jamaica Hospital Medical Center’s Ambulatory Care Center at (718) 206-7001.

 

All content of this newsletter is intended for general information purposes only and is not intended or implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Please consult a medical professional before adopting any of the suggestions on this page. You must never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking medical treatment based upon any content of this newsletter. PROMPTLY CONSULT YOUR PHYSICIAN OR CALL 911 IF YOU BELIEVE YOU HAVE A MEDICAL EMERGENCY.