Obsessive Compulsive Disorder

Posted on March 5, 2015 by Andrew Rubin

When a person is recognized as having Obsessive Compulsive Disorder, or OCD, they demonstrate unreasonable thoughts and fears that make them perform repetitive and ritualized behaviors. A person with OCD feels obliged to perform these actions as a way to reduce their stress and anxiety. They will feel that by not giving in to these impulses will cause something bad to happen, which can raise their stress and anxiety.

Traits of Obsessive Compulsive Disorders fall into themes:
• Washers – have a fear of germs makes them wash their hands over and over
• Checkers – will check to make sure a door is locked more than once
• Doubters and sinners – fearful that harm will occur to someone if everything isn’t done correctly
• Counters and arrangers – everything has to be in a certain order or something will go wrong
• Hoarders – hold on to everything so that nothing bad will occur
There are three main theories as to what causes obsessive compulsive disorder:
• Biology – caused by changes in the body’s chemical make-up or the way the brain functions.
• Environment – causes a person to respond to a triggering event that leads to the obsessive compulsive behavior.
• Genetics – may contribute to a person’s susceptibility to OCD and also a certain level of stress in a person’s life may be a factor.

What should a person do if they feel they may have obsessive compulsive disorder? The first step is to identify what traits they feel they are exhibiting that may be out of the ordinary. Consulting with a primary care physician about symptoms is a good place to begin. They may recommend seeing a mental health professional who can determine the degree of OCD and recommend psychotherapy and possibly medication to control the symptoms.

You can schedule an appointment with a mental health professional at Jamaica Hospital by calling 718-206-7071.

All content of this newsletter is intended for general information purposes only and is not intended or implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Please consult a medical professional before adopting any of the suggestions on this page. You must never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking medical treatment based upon any content of this newsletter. PROMPTLY CONSULT YOUR PHYSICIAN OR CALL 911 IF YOU BELIEVE YOU HAVE A MEDICAL EMERGENCY.

Signs of a Heart Attack and What You Should Do

Posted on January 20, 2015 by Xavia Malcolm

Heart attack is the number one cause of death in women and men in the United States. It is estimated that one in every four deaths are caused by a heart attack. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reports, that only 27% of people know the warning signs of a heart attack and when to call 9-1-1. Knowing the signs of a heart attack and following the suggested guidelines can reduce the probability of death.

Warning signs differ with each individual; they may be mild or severe. For some the attack can be immediate while for others symptoms can begin days or weeks in advance. Heart attacks have several key symptoms and warning signs to be aware of, some of which include:

Chest pains or discomfort (This is the most common symptom)
A squeezing, aching or pressure sensation in the chest or arms, this may spread to the back, neck, jaw or stomach
Shortness of breath
Breaking out into a cold sweat
Nausea and (or) vomiting
Dizziness

If someone is experiencing these symptoms, act immediately and call 9-1-1. While waiting for emergency response, if nitroglycerin is prescribed by a doctor it should be given as instructed. Aspirin can also help during a heart attack by reducing damage to the heart and preventing the blood from clotting. However aspirin should be administered only if recommended by a physician, as aspirin can have adverse effects if taken with certain medications.

Complications due to heart disease can be prevented by exercising, quitting smoking, eating heart- healthy foods such as salmon, getting regular health screenings, taking medication, reducing alcohol consumption and maintaining a healthy weight.

To make an appointment to discuss, improve or maintain your heart health call Jamaica Hospital’s Ambulatory Care Center at 718- 206- 7001.

Yeast Infections

Posted on October 30, 2014 by Andrew Rubin

Though commonly considered to be a medical condition that affects only women, the organism that causes these infections can also be found in men and infants. These infections are caused by an overgrowth of a type of fungus called candida albicans, Candida is a naturally occurring microorganism that is found in the human body. It is kept under control by a normally occurring bacteria called lactobacillus. When an imbalance of lactobacillus occurs, there can be an overgrowth of candida leading to symptoms. Some of the factors that can affect the growth of candida are antibiotic use, pregnancy, a compromised immune system, and poorly controlled diabetes.This organism likes to grow in areas of the body that are warm and moist.

When a candida infection develops on the genitals, it is called a yeast infection. This type of infection is much more common in women than in men. Symptoms of a yeast infection are genital redness, burning on urination, genital redness and in women a white clumpy discharge.

If candida affects the mouth or throat it is called oral thrush and characterized by white spots on the inside of the mouth and tongue and a sore throat. It is seen most often in patients receiving chemotherapy, the elderly, infants, and in people with AIDS.

There is a type of diaper rash that can be caused by candida. It will show up as dark red patches of skin on a bay’s bottom and sometimes there are spots that are filled with fluid.

It is important to seek medical treatment if you think you may have an infection so that a proper diagnosis can be made and the proper treatment can be started. To schedule an appointment with a physician at Jamaica Hospital, please call 718-206-7001.

Gallbladder Disease

Posted on August 25, 2014 by Joann Ariola

The majority of American’s see a doctor, yearly, for a general health check-up. We are diligent when it comes to making sure our major organs remain healthy, but what about the organs that go relatively unnoticed, like the gallbladder.

The gallbladder is the small sac in our body that stores bile from the liver and is located just below your liver. The gallbladder releases bile, through the cystic duct, into the small intestine to help break down the foods you eat, in particular, fatty foods.

Usually, the gallbladder will not cause too many problems; however, if something slows or blocks the flow of bile from the gallbladder, a number of problems can arise and lead to gallbladder disease.

Specific symptoms may vary based on what type of gallbladder condition you have, although many symptoms are common among the different types of gallbladder problems. But most gallbladder symptoms start with pain in the upper abdominal area, either in the upper right or middle.

Some common symptoms of gallbladder conditions are:

Severe abdominal pain
Pain that may extend beneath the right shoulder blade or to the back
Pain that worsens after eating a meal, particularly fatty or greasy foods
Pain that feels dull, sharp, or cramp-like
Pain that increases when you breathe in deeply
Chest pain
Heartburn, indigestion, and excessive gas
A feeling of fullness in the abdomen
Vomiting, nausea, fever
Shaking with chills
Tenderness in the abdomen, particularly the right upper quadrant
Jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes)
Stools of an unusual color (often lighter, like clay)

The gallbladder seems insignificant until it is causing you severe pain. If you are exhibiting the symptoms of gallbladder disease, and would like to schedule an appointment with the Jamaica Hospital Medical Center’s Ambulatory Care Department for a consultation, call 718-206-7005 for an appointment.

Vertigo

Posted on August 7, 2014 by Andrew Rubin

Have you ever experienced dizziness or a spinning sensation when in fact everything is standing still? You may have experienced vertigo.

Vertigo can cause a person to feel light headed, off balance, spinning, seeing double, or as though they are falling. In severe cases it can be accompanied by nausea, difficulty walking, or loss of balance.

Vertigo is often related to a problem within the inner ear. It may be due to a buildup of fluid and changing pressure (Meniere’s disease), or due to an accumulation of tiny calcium particles called canaliths in the canals of the inner ear ( BPPV or benign paroxysmal positional vertigo). It may also be caused by an infection, usually viral, in the inner ear. All of these conditions can lead to loss of balance.

Symptoms of vertigo:

A sensation of movement accompanied by nausea, vomiting, and sweating..
Head positioning leading to dizziness
Ringing in the ears and changes in hearing
Abnormal eye movement
Symptoms that are fairly constant in regularity

A physician can diagnose vertigo through physical examination that may include a CT scan of the head to see if there are any brain injuries blood tests to see if the blood glucose is normal and an EKG to see if the heart rhythm is normal.

Frequently the symptoms of vertigo will resolve by themselves. Depending on the cause, some form of medical treatment may be necessary. When the cause is due to an infection, medications may be prescribed to cure it, and sometimes steroids will be given to reduce the inflammation. If the problem is being caused by a buildup of fluid in the ear, medication may be prescribed to help reduce it. If vertigo is being caused by an accumulation of tiny calcium crystals, a series of head and neck positioning exercises may be given to help move them out of the inner ear into a location where they can be more easily absorbed by the body. In extreme cases of vertigo, surgery may be needed to resolve the problem.

If you are experiencing symptoms of vertigo and would like to schedule an appointment with an ear, nose, and throat specialist, please call 718-206-6742.

Knee Replacement

Posted on July 21, 2014 by Andrew Rubin

Today total knee replacement is one of the most commonly performed orthopedic surgical procedures. Hundreds of thousands of people undergo this procedure annually in order to relieve their pain and suffering due to arthritic conditions and also due to trauma.

The first known knee replacement was performed in the 1890’s. Back then an ivory hinged apparatus’ was used to replace the knee joint. Many complications occurred from this primitive procedure and it wasn’t widely used due to the high rate of infection. In the 1950’s and 1960’s hinged apparatus’ were used in knee replacement surgery but they often didn’t last long, and they didn’t fully restore range of motion to the knee joint. The modern era of total knee replacement really began in the 1970’s. Thanks to advances in medical technology, knee replacement implants are now able to last up to 20 years, and range of motion is almost the same as that of a normal knee.

Total knee replacement surgery involves replacement of the damaged or diseased knee joint with either plastic or metal components that allow for proper range of motion. While total knee replacement is the more common variation of this procedure, approximately 20 percent of people are able to have a partial knee replacement procedure performed. The determining factor is the severity of the deformity.

It is estimated that by the year 2030, as a larger percentage of the population ages, the number of procedures performed annually will be more than 3 million. Most people who have had knee replacement surgery lead fully active lives and the quality of their lives is undoubtedly improved owing to the procedure. For more information about knee replacement surgery, please feel free to call our Orthopedic Department to schedule an appointment. They can be reached at 718-206-6923.

Celiac Disease

Posted on June 14, 2014 by Katherine Mobila

Celiac disease is a digestive disorder in which an individual is unable to digest gluten, the name for the general proteins found in wheat, rye, and barley, as well as certain vitamins, medicines and lip balms.
Celiac disease is both a disease of malabsorption (nutrients are not absorbed properly) and an abnormal immune reaction to gluten. This intolerance to gluten triggers an immune response that damages and/or destroys villi, the tiny protrusions that line the small intestine and absorb nutrients from foods such as fat, calcium and iron into the bloodstream. Without the properly functioning villi, nutrients will fail to reach the bloodstream and an individual with celiac disease can become malnourished.

There are many causes and triggers of celiac disease, which include:
• Genetic
• Surgery
• Childbirth
• Pregnancy
• Viral infection
• Severe emotional stress or trauma

Symptoms of celiac disease include:
• Digestive problems (bloating, pain, gas, diarrhea, and weight loss)
• Dermatitis Herpetiformis (a severe skin rash)
• Iron deficiency anemia (a low red blood cell count)
• Muscle cramps
• Growth problems (mostly found in children)
• Seizures
• Tingling sensation in the legs
• Mouth sores
• Missed menstrual period

Celiac disease can be diagnosed by a series of blood tests that examine gluten auto-antibodies and by a minor bowel biopsy to assess gut damage. Since gluten is a staple in the average person’s diet, it is important to continue eating this protein until the tests are completed and evaluated for the most accurate diagnosis.
The only treatment for celiac disease is a gluten-free diet. Gluten-free diets are mainly composed of fruits, vegetables, meats, fish, poultry, beans, nuts and most dairy products. Healthy, gluten-free alternatives to wheat and grains include almond meal flour, corn, quinoa, potatoes, and soy flour.
If you think you have celiac disease, a doctor can perform tests to diagnose your condition. For more information, please call Jamaica Hospital Medical Center’s Gastroenterology Department at 718-206-7001.

Ear Infections and Your Child

Posted on April 11, 2014 by Joann Ariola

Ear infections are among the most common health conditions in young children and babies. However, some children are too young to tell you that they have ear pain. How can you tell if your child has an ear infection?

Look for the following symptoms, which are all signs of ear infections:

ear drainage
fever
trouble hearing
tugging on the ear, fussiness, or excessive crying
difficulty sleeping
difficulty eating or chewing

While ear infections are not always preventable, you can help minimize your child’s risk of developing them by keeping him or her away from second hand smoke and people with colds whenever possible. Frequent hand washing also helps. If your child has frequent ear infections it is advisable to see an Ear, Nose and Throat specialist for a complete evaluation.

Originating from germs found in the nose or throat, ear infections are easily treated. Over-the-counter pain medications can be given as needed for temporary relief. Ear infections may resolve by themselves, however depending on the severity, antibiotics may be needed. It is best to speak to your physician to determine the proper treatment.

If you suspect your child has an ear infection, please call 718-206-7001 to schedule an appointment with a pediatrician.

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Lice

Posted on August 22, 2013 by Michael Hinck

Lice are tiny little parasitic insects that receive their nutrition from the blood of their host. They do not have wings and are therefore spread by close contact with people who are infected with them or with the items of clothing or bedding that those people may be using. Since lice do not fly, it is sometimes thought that they either crawl or jump from one person to another. There are three types of lice to be aware of. , Head Lice, Body Lice and Pubic Lice. The most commonly found are the lice that live on the hair and scalp, known as Head Lice.

The signs and symptoms of head lice are itchy scalp, small bumps on the back of the neck and on the scalp that are red in color, the presence of tiny off-white or light brown insects crawling in the hair or back of the neck, and finding lice eggs also called nits, about the size of a pin head, attached to the hair shafts. Some people who are infected with lice have swollen neck glands, indicating a possible infection.

Detecting head lice can be difficult, since they can be confused to the untrained eye with other things found in people’s hair like dandruff, lint, sand, and dirt. The difference is that lice, especially their eggs (nits) are usually firmly attached to the hair follicle and do not come out with simple rinsing or combing. One method of diagnosing lice is to wet the person’s head, separate the hair in to sections, sit them under a very bright light, and using a very fine comb made specifically for this purpose, comb the hair from the scalp outwards looking for lice and their eggs.

Treating lice involves using a shampoo made specifically for this purpose. These shampoos are very different than regular hair products and they are to be used very carefully, making sure that the instructions are followed closely. Usually the recommendation is to use the product once and wait a few days to see if it is working.
Each day after treatment it is recommended to use the special fine tooth comb to remove the lice and the nits. It is also recommended that all bedding be thoroughly washed in hot water and dried at a high temperature to limit the possibility of reoccurrence. If the signs and symptoms of an infestation persist, it is advised to see a dermatologist who may prescribe a stronger medication to treat the problem.

When a person is diagnosed with lice, it is wise to limit their contact with others until the problem is resolved. This is especially true of school aged children.

If you suspect that your child has lice and over-the-counter remedies are not successful, please schedule an appointment with a physician at Jamaica Hospital by calling 718- 206-7001.