High Blood Pressure and Pregnancy

Posted on September 22, 2015 by Xavia Malcolm

hypertension pregnancy -78484693 (1) Hypertension (high blood pressure) is one of the most common medical problems encountered by pregnant women. It is estimated that the disease affects six to eight percent of expecting mothers.

Women with a pre-existing history of chronic hypertension are likely to experience complications caused by the disease; however, women with no prior history are also at risk of developing high blood pressure or gestational hypertension. A high blood pressure rate during pregnancy is defined as a reading over 140/90, anything above that number is concerning.

Some women are more at risk for developing gestational hypertension than others. Your risk may be higher if you are:

African American
Carrying more than one baby
Pregnant with your first child
Over 40 years old
From a family with a history of gestational hypertension or preeclampsia
Obese

High blood pressure during pregnancy poses various medical problems not only for the mother but for the developing baby as well. Some of these problems include:

Harm to the mother’s kidneys
Placental abruption
Low birth weight
Premature labor

If left untreated, high blood pressure can develop into a serious condition known as preeclampsia. This condition is most likely to occur in women with pre-existing and chronic hypertension. The disease usually develops after the 27^th week of pregnancy and is characterized by high levels of protein in urine and elevated blood pressure levels. Women may experience symptoms such as headaches, nausea or vomiting, reduced urine or no urine output, swelling or shortness of breath.

If you have been informed by your doctor that your blood pressure levels are high it is important to get it under control immediately. You can do so by taking prescribed medications and managing your sodium intake. It is equally important that you maintain prenatal appointments to monitor the development of your baby.

For questions about prenatal care or to make an appointment with the Women’s Health Center of Jamaica Hospital, please call 718-291-3276.

All content of this newsletter is intended for general information purposes only and is not intended or implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Please consult a medical professional before adopting any of the suggestions on this page. You must never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking medical treatment based upon any content of this newsletter. PROMPTLY CONSULT YOUR PHYSICIAN OR CALL 911 IF YOU BELIEVE YOU HAVE A MEDICAL EMERGENCY.

National School Backpack Awareness Day – Backpack Safety

Posted on September 15, 2015 by Xavia Malcolm

Back safety-513203503 Backpacks are essential back-to- school items for kids. They come in different colors, sizes and shapes and most importantly they help children to carry their belongings. Backpacks are preferred by many in comparison to shoulder bags because when worn correctly, they evenly distribute weight across the body. However, if worn incorrectly they can cause back pain or injuries and eventually lead to poor posture.

To prevent problems associated with improper backpack use, parents should first purchase a backpack that has the following features:

Lightweight
Wide and padded straps
Multiple compartments
Padded back
Waist belt
Correct size (A backpack should never be wider or longer than your child’s torso).

Practicing these safety tips will further reduce the chance of back pain or injuries caused by backpacks:

When packing, heavier items should be placed to the back and center of the backpack. Lighter items should be in front. Sharp objects such as scissors or pencils should be kept away from your child’s back. Utilizing different compartments can help in distributing weight.
Do not over pack. Doctors recommend that children should not carry backpacks that weigh more than 10-15% of their body weight.
Ensure that children use both straps. Using a single strap can cause muscle strain.
Adjust the straps so that the backpack fits closely to your child’s back and sits two inches above the waist. This ensures comfort and proper weight distribution.
Encourage children to use their lockers or desks throughout the day to drop off heavy books.

The Pediatric Orthopedic Society of North America recommends that parents should always look for warning signs that indicate backpacks may be too heavy. If your child struggles to put on and take off the backpack, they are complaining of numbness or tingling or if there are red strap marks on their shoulders -It may be time for you to lighten their load.

How Your Body Makes Milk for Your Baby

Posted on September 1, 2015 by Xavia Malcolm

breastfeeding-475378452 Your breasts give you the earliest clues that you are pregnant. When you become pregnant, they become swollen, tender and the skin on your nipples and areolas become darker. Within the first trimester you will continue to experience physical changes in your breasts-such as the bumps(Montgomery glands) surrounding your areolas increasing in size. Milk –producing cells (alveoli) and ducts in the mammary glands will also multiply in preparation for the distribution of milk.

Usually by your fourth to sixth month of pregnancy, hormones will be released which tell your mammary glands to begin producing milk. The alveoli draw fats, proteins and sugars from your blood to make breast milk. At this point of pregnancy, it is not unusual for your body to begin leaking milk. This form of milk is called colostrum and may be yellow or orange in color and sticky.

After the birth of your baby the body increases levels of the hormone prolactin. This hormone releases signals to produce more milk. It is also known as the hormone that makes mothers feel maternal.

You can attempt to feed your baby soon after delivering; however some mothers are not fully capable of feeding their newborn within 24 to 48 hours after delivery. Your “first milk” will be colostrum, which will have a creamy appearance. Colostrum is specially created for newborns; it is high in protein, low in fat and sugar and is easy to digest. It also helps your baby to make the first bowel movement and provides antibodies that strengthen the immune system.

As you can see, your body is designed to make the nutrients most essential to your baby’s health. Breastfeeding will provide many benefits for your bundle of joy and it will also provide you with countless health, emotional and financial benefits.

10 Things You Should Know When Caring For Someone with Lupus

Posted on August 25, 2015 by Xavia Malcolm

A diagno Purple ribbone 85501057 sis of lupus can be difficult news for a patient to receive; however, it can be as equally devastating to their loved ones. Caregivers will often face many mental and physical challenges after a diagnosis due to the unpredictability of the disease. Lupus is described as “unpredictable” because symptoms may present themselves differently in each person.

Experts suggest that one of the best pieces of advice a caregiver could use to overcome challenges is to develop an understanding of the disease. Through education they can become better prepared for difficulties that are likely to occur. Knowing the basics is a good start.

Here are 10 things a caregiver should know about lupus:

What is lupus? – Lupus is a chronic disorder of the immune system. It affects over 1.5 million people in the United States. The disease causes the body to attack healthy cells and tissues. Lupus can incur damage to the joints, kidneys, heart, blood vessels, skin, brain and lungs.
Who is most likely to get lupus?-The disease is most prevalent in women of color.
What causes the disease? – Currently, the cause of lupus is unknown.
What are some of the symptoms? – Symptoms vary by the individual. In some cases your loved one may experience: muscle or joint pain, fatigue, hair loss, fevers, rashes around the face, headaches, seizures or chest pain. The symptoms are sometimes referred to as lupus flares.
How do I handle lupus flares? – Be aware of tell-tale signs such as tiredness, rashes or other symptoms. Contact your doctor right away, so that he can recommend the appropriate treatment. If flares are stress related, try suggested methods for stress reduction.
Will lupus affect my loved one’s ability to remain active? – Lupus can impair your loved ones ability to move around, especially if there is a flare up around the joints.
How can I help my loved one to stay on top of their health? – Encouraging healthy eating, exercise, taking nutritional supplements and maintaining regular checkups are vital.
How can I be emotionally supportive? – The best advice is to let your loved one know that you are there for them and there to listen. A diagnosis or symptoms of lupus can sometimes lead to depression; be on the alert for signs such as a loss in interests, long term sadness or helplessness. If your loved one appears to be depressed, seek the help of a mental health professional as soon as possible.
How can I maintain my own mental health? It is not uncommon for caregivers to experience bouts of depression as well. If you are experiencing symptoms, it is recommended that you see a mental health professional. However, if you are just experiencing mental tiredness or frustration you can try activities such as exercise or joining a support group.
How do I maintain proper care for my loved one? Maintaining a continuous and communicative relationship with their physician is best. Because the disease is unpredictable you should communicate changes to the doctor. Based on information you provide, the doctor can develop a care plan for your loved one.

For more information about lupus, please contact The Lupus Center at Jamaica Hospital. The facility is staffed by expert rheumatologists from the Feinstein Institute for Medical Research and hosts various educational community outreach programs throughout the year. To schedule an appointment, call 718-206-9888 or the Lupus Hotline at 1-877-33 LUPUS.

Food That Diabetics Should Avoid

Posted on August 18, 2015 by Xavia Malcolm

Living with diabetes often requires a change in diet. Diabetics are encouraged to eat healthier and avoid food that will trigger spikes in blood sugar levels. Learning which food is good or bad for people with diabetes can be confusing. Lorena Ackerman, Certified Diabetes Educator at Jamaica Hospital Medical Center offered clarification and shared a list of some of the food diabetics should avoid.

It is highly recommended that diabetics steer clear of the following:

Highly processed food such as white rice or any products made with white flour can cause an elevation of blood sugar levels.
Fruit juices may sound harmless because they are made from fruit; however, most tend be high in added sugar. Opt for water as a beverage instead.
French fries are packed with carbohydrates and fats, which can be disastrous for blood sugar levels.
Canned fruits stored in syrup are not recommended because the syrup tends to have high levels of added sugar.
Candy is a no-no because it can cause dramatic increases in glucose levels.
Dried fruits such as raisins or prunes may sound like a healthy option, but they are not. Sugars in fruits become very concentrated during the dehydration process.
Whole milk is high in saturated fats, which can negatively affect insulin resistance.

Ms. Ackerman explained, “Eating the wrong food can be very dangerous for a person with diabetes.” She continued, “Food that is laden with fat, carbohydrates or added sugars, can cause diabetic symptoms such as dizziness, frequent urination or fatigue to occur.”

If you have been recently diagnosed with diabetes, it is recommended that you speak with a dietary professional to learn about food in relation to diabetes. Choosing the wrong food can be detrimental to your health.

Jamaica Hospital Medical Center is offering a free nutritional class “What Can I Eat?” for people with diabetes. The interactive program educates participants on daily nutrition and tips on preparing diabetic-friendly meals. Classes begin in the fall. To register, contact Elena Toumaras at 718-206-7056 or email, [email protected].

Home Remedies for Summer Bug Bites

Posted on August 11, 2015 by Xavia Malcolm

wasp bug bites-475238867 Warm weather is inviting and motivates us to spend more time outside, but it also serves as an invitation to insects that thrive outdoors during the summer. Your encounters with bugs that bite such as ants, bees, wasps, mosquitos and ticks, will become more difficult to avoid during these months. When they attack, the results can be irritating, itchy, painful or in severe cases, life threatening.

There are several home remedies that you can try to help bring relief, reduce swelling and prevent infection in minor cases. Before trying these home remedies, you should first try to identify what caused the bite. Look for tell- tale signs that are synonymous with the culprit. Here are a few signs that will help you to identify these bugs and their bites-followed by suggested home remedies.

1. Mosquitoes– Round, red bumps with an insatiable itch.

Remedies- Aloe vera gel, rubbing alcohol and witch hazel can help relieve the itching. Preparation H is also known to relieve the itch and reduce inflammation. Honey can be dabbed on the skin to prevent the bite from getting infected.

2.Ticks- Red welts; however, if a tick carrying Lyme disease bites you, it will usually leave a circular rash around the bite. This resembles a bull’s eye target.

Remedies-Remove the tick with a sterilized fine-tipped tweezer, if a tweezer is not available cover your fingers with tissue paper (you should never remove a tick with your bare hands). Wash the bitten area with warm water and soap. Apply ice to relieve pain, itching or swelling. An application of antibiotic ointment and a bandage will help with irritation. For the next few days continue to inspect the area for signs of a bite from a tick that carries Lyme disease.

3.Bees or wasps- In most cases, the area where you have been stung will become red and swollen with white surrounding the site of the sting. The area may also feel hot to the touch and have a lingering dull pain.

Remedies- Remove the stinger as soon as possible. Apply ice or a wet cloth to the site to help relieve pain and swelling. Over the counter medications such as antihistamines and pain killers work well for pain relief.

4.Ants- A sharp pain and burning sensation at the site, followed by painful and itchy red bumps or blisters.

Remedies- Applying ice can reduce the swelling. Diluted tea tree oil, rubbing alcohol and calamine lotion can help with the maddening itch. To prevent infection of the site, baking soda and water made into a paste or apple cider vinegar is recommended.

Trying these home remedies can help you treat bites from these unwelcomed summer pests but prevention is always best. Keep in mind; these remedies are for minor reactions only-more serious reactions require immediate medical attention.

Unusual but True – Werewolf Syndrome

Posted on August 4, 2015 by Xavia Malcolm

Werewolf Syndrome does exist but it is not what Hollywood or science fiction depicts it to be. Werewolf syndrome is medically known as hypertrichosis. It is a disorder that is characterized by excessive body hair. Typically the entire body with the exception of the palms of the hands and the soles of the feet are covered in dense hair, which can resemble fur. In some cases hair growth can be localized to a specific body part such as the back, elbows or ears.

Hypertrichosis can be classified into three main subcategories: congenital hypertrichosis terminalis, Naevoid hypertrichosis and congenital hypertrichosis lanuginosa.

Congenital hypertrichosis terminalis- Is often associated with gingival hyperplasia, which causes those that are afflicted to have very few teeth or soft voices.
Naevoid hypertrichosis – Symptoms may include excessive beard growth (men and women), a heavy unibrow, hairy ears and in some cases with underlying spina bifida-a tail on the lower back.
Congenital hypertrichosis lanuginosa- This form of hypertrichosis is extremely rare and is characterized by excessive hair at birth. There have only been about 50 cases reported globally since the middle ages.

Some possible conditions believed to cause hypertrichosis are metabolic disorders or genetic disorders caused by spontaneous mutations. The recommended treatment for this condition is hair removal because it is usually considered a cosmetic problem.

Viral Hepatitis “The Silent Epidemic”- How Dangerous is This Disease?

Posted on July 28, 2015 by Xavia Malcolm

The medical community has labeled viral hepatitis, “The Silent Epidemic,” because there are millions of people living in the United States with some form of the disease. What is most alarming is 65% of these people are unaware that they are infected and are unknowingly contributing to the rapid spread of the virus.

Viral hepatitis is characterized by the inflammation of the liver and is most commonly caused by the hepatitis A, B or C virus. Each type of hepatitis has its severities and can develop into chronic or life-threatening conditions, such as liver cancer, liver failure or cirrhosis (scarring and dysfunction of the liver). While the degree of severity may differ with each strain, the advanced symptoms that present themselves are similar.

Symptoms may include:

Dark urine
Diarrhea
Jaundice (yellowing of the skin, eyes and tongue)
Weight loss
Itchy skin
Light colored feces
Muscle or joint pain

Transmission of viral hepatitis differs with each form of the virus.

Hepatitis A Virus (HAV) – Is caused by consuming infected food and water or anal to oral contact during sex. Prevention includes washing your hands with soap and water after using the toilet, drinking bottled or treated water and eating food that has been thoroughly cleaned.

Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) – Is a sexually transmitted disease. HBV is 50-100 times more infectious than HIV. It is spread by contact with bodily fluids such as blood or semen. Prevention includes practicing safe sex, using clean syringes, tattoo or acupuncture needles and not sharing personal items such as razor or toothbrushes.

Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) – Is transmitted by direct contact with the blood of a person who has the disease. Prevention includes covering wounds, not sharing personal effects such as razors, manicure equipment or toothbrushes and using sterilized needles.

It is important for people to know their status and help combat the rapid acceleration of viral hepatitis. Public health organizations such as the CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) encourage people to get screened for the disease whether or not they are displaying symptoms. Individuals who are infected should seek treatment and exercise methods to prevent transmission.Health organizations are also increasing their efforts in educating the public about Hepatitis by promoting campaigns during Hepatitis Awareness Month, which is designated as May in the United States.

7 Amazing Facts About Your Lips

Posted on July 27, 2015 by Xavia Malcolm

1. The color of your lips is caused by visible blood capillaries under your skin. They are visible because the lips have one of the thinnest layers of skin on the body.
2. They are the most sensitive part on your body-they have over 1 million nerve endings.
3.Lips never sweat- because they do not have sweat glands.
4. They get thinner as you get older.
5.They are unique- like finger prints.
6.They are the only parts of the body where the inside extends to the outside. The membrane that makes up the inner lips also makes the outer lips.
7.The dip above your upper lip is called the Philtrum

Facts About AFib (Atrial Fibrillation)

Posted on July 21, 2015 by Xavia Malcolm

Atrial Fibrillation or AFib is a type of heart arrhythmia (an irregularity in the rhythm of the heart), which is caused by a disorder of the heart’s electrical system.

Normally, the heart’s electrical system rhythmically contracts the upper chambers (atria) of the heart in synergy with the lower chambers (ventricles). However, with AFib the heart’s two upper chambers contract rapidly and out of sync with the lower chambers.

Each person’s experience with AFib may differ; some people may have no symptoms, while others may have incidents of:

Heart palpitations
Dizziness
Chest discomfort
Fatigue
Shortness of breath

If you are frequently experiencing these symptoms, make an appointment to see your physician. Your doctor will run the following to diagnose atrial fibrillation: electrocardiogram, trans- telephonic monitor, holter monitor or portable event monitor testing.

If symptoms are ignored and AFib goes untreated it can develop into serious health complications such as:

Coronary artery disease
Heart failure
Pulmonary embolism
Cardiomyopathy
Hypertension
Stroke

There are many options available to treat or improve the symptoms of AFib. Your doctor may prescribe medications that can help in controlling the heart rate, reducing the risk of stroke and normalizing the rhythm of the heart. He or she may also recommend exercising and eating a healthy diet, as well as several lifestyle changes which can be incorporated into your daily routine.