Osteoarthritis is the most common type of arthritis. It occurs when the cartilage that lines your joints is worn down or damaged, and your bones rub together when you use that joint. Osteoarthritis can affect any of your joints, but most commonly develops in your hands, knees, hips, neck (cervical spine), or lower back (lumbar spine). Symptoms of osteoarthritis include pain, stiffness, tenderness on or around the joints, loss of flexibility, a grinding sensation when using the joints, bone spurs, and swelling. Treatment for osteoarthritis reduces pain and helps functional mobility. Treatment options include medications such as acetaminophen, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), duloxetine, physical and occupational therapy, transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS), cortisone and lubrication injections, and surgical procedures such as and osteotomy and joint replacement.
