Tooth sensitivity occurs when tooth enamel wears down and exposes the inner layer of your teeth, called dentin, making hot, cold, sweet, or sour foods painful. This can also point to an issue such as gum disease, cavities, or a cracked tooth.
Dentin has tiny tubules that lead to the center of the tooth, where the nerve lives. These tubules allow temperature and sugar to reach the nerve, causing pain.
There are many reasons why your teeth may feel sensitive, including:
- Acidic foods, such as citrus fruits, tomatoes, pickles, and tea, can wear down the outer layer of your teeth
- Brushing too hard: using too much pressure or a hard toothbrush can wear down enamel and make gums pull back
- Cracked teeth: a crack or chip can let bacteria in and irritate your tooth
- Gum disease: swollen or infected gums can expose tooth roots
- Gum recession: thin or damaged gums may pull back and reveal the sensitive root surface
- Mouthwash use: some have acids that make sensitivity worse
- Plaque buildup: too much plaque near the roots can trigger pain
- Recent dental procedures, such as fillings, cleanings, or other treatments, can cause short-term sensitivity
- Teeth grinding: clenching or grinding your teeth wears down enamel and can expose dentin
- Teeth whitening products can increase sensitivity
Sometimes tooth sensitivity goes away on its own, especially after a dental visit. However, if your teeth hurt when they touch something hot, cold, sour, or sweet, talk to your dentist. They will check to see what is causing the problem and suggest the best solution. Common treatments for tooth sensitivity include:
- Dental bonding: covers exposed roots
- Dentin sealant: blocks pain signals
- Fluoride varnish: strengthens enamel and reduces discomfort
Do not ignore the pain. Getting care early can help prevent more serious problems. If sensitive teeth go untreated, you could end up with:
- An infected tooth
- Cavities
- Gum disease
- Long-term or worsening pain
Sometimes, you can stop sensitivity before it starts. Some ways you can protect your teeth include:
- Brushing and flossing gently every day
- Limiting acidic foods like citrus and pickles
- Seeing your dentist regularly for cleanings and checkups
- Trying desensitizing toothpaste to reduce pain
- Using fluoride products to strengthen teeth
- Using a soft-bristle toothbrush to avoid further damage
- Wearing a mouth guard if you grind your teeth
If you are experiencing tooth sensitivity and would like to receive a check-up, you can make an appointment with one of our board-certified dentists at Jamaica Hospital Medical Center’s Dental Center by calling 718-206-6980.
All content of this newsletter is intended for general information purposes only and is not intended or implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Please consult a medical professional before adopting any of the suggestions on this page. You must never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking medical treatment based upon any content of this newsletter. PROMPTLY CONSULT YOUR PHYSICIAN OR CALL 911 IF YOU BELIEVE YOU HAVE A MEDICAL EMERGENCY.